The Tachibana were originally based in Tachibana castle on Kyushu island. They bore no direct relation to the Tachibana of the Heian period. They were related to the Otomo clan and loyally served the Otomo clan during the entire Sengoku period and regularly battled the Shimazu clan. Tachibana Dosetsu had no sons, and nominated his daughter, Tachibana Ginchiyo, to succeed him. Shortly afterwards, she would marry Takahashi Munetora, a vassal of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Upon inheriting the clan leadership, Takahashi took a new name, and became known as Tachibana Muneshige. Tachibana Muneshige helped defeat the Shimazu clan when Toytomi Hideyoshi invaded Kyushu island.
The Takahashi were initially retainers of the Otomo clan. Takahashi Shoun fought a huge Shimazu army and died heroically in battle. The clan ceased to exist after the battle of Sekigahara.
The Takeda clan of Kai province were a prominent and powerful clan during much of the Sengoku period. The Takeda managed to expand their domain into Shinano province where they fought an Uesugi led alliance of several Daimyo clans, that included the Ogasawara clan. The Takeda had a long standing feud with the Uesugi clan and fought no less than four major battles against the Uesugi at Kanawakajima. The Takeda also fought the Hojo clan on occasion and were allied with the Imagawa clan. The Takeda clan power rose to the greatest extent under the leadership of Takeda Shingen. After the death of Takeda Shingen due to illness and with the elimination of the allied Imagawa, the Takeda clan power steadily declined. The Takeda were reknowned for their use of cavalry and had some of the finest armies in Japan, nevertheless the Takeda suffered a crsuhing defeat at the battle of Nagashino in 1575. Takeda cavalry were slaughtered at the battle of Nagashino in 1575 due to the use of arquebuses by the Oda and Tokugawa clans. Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu emerged as victors at the battle of Nagashino through the effective use of firearms and invaded the Takeda domain 1582 and subsequently the Takeda were destroyed as Daimyo.
The Takenaka of Mino province were related to the Toki clan. They came to serve the Saito clan and later Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
The Takigawa of Owari province served the Oda clan. They faded into obscurity when the line ended with the death of Takigawa Kazumasu.
The Togashi were a Daimyo clan based in Kaga province. They were staunch supporters of the Ashikaga shogunate, but were forced to flee the capital and moved to Kaga province. They held Kaga province, which was the second richest province in the whole of Japan, but the Togashi lost their domain to religious inspired rebels known as the Ikko Ikki. Kanazawa in Kaga province became a stronghold of the Jodo Shinsu sect. The Togashi clashed with the Asakura on a number of occasions, but were forced to abandon their cause when they lost their domain.
The Toki were lords of Mino province. The Toki were overthrown by the Saito clan.
The Torii were loyal retainers of the Matsudaira clan and in 1590 were rewarded with a fief in Shimousa province.
The Tsugaru of Mutsu province were related to the Nambu clan. They served the Nambu clan, but rebelled after the relationship between the two clans soured.
The Tsutsui were a minor clan based in Yamato province. They fought with the Matsunaga against the Oda, but later switched sides and became allied to the Oda clan.
The Udono of Totomi province were retainers of the Imagawa clan. Their power declined following the defeat of the Imagawa at the battle of Okehazama.
The Uesugi clan were related to the Ashikaga clan and they provided deputy governors to the Ashikaga shogunate. The Uesugi managed to expand their domain in Kozuke province and gradually grew to be a very powerful clan. They managed to hold much of the Kanto region and obtained the office of Kanto Kanrei as a result. The Uesugi fought the Hojo clan and had a long standing feud with the Takeda clan. The Uesugi survived the Sengoku period as Daimyo, but their power was reduced when they sought to oppose Tokugawa Ieyasu.
The Ukita of Bizen province were retainers of the Urakami clan. The Ukita would usurp the Urakami and they became very powerful in western Honshu under Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
The Urakami were originally vassals of the Akamatsu clan, but rebelled and became lords of Bizen province, only to be usurped in turn by their underlings the Ukita.
The Utsunomiya were lords of Shimotsuke province. Outside pressure forced the Utsunomiya to rely much on the Satake clan. They finally lost their domain to Toyotomi Hideyoshi and ultimately faded into obscurity.
The Wada were supporters of the Ashikaga shogunate and they held a fief in Kozuke province.
The Yamana of Inaba province were staunch supporters of the Ashikaga shogunate. They fought in the Onin war and much of their power and influence was reduced due to the relentless fights with the Hosokawa during the Onin war which lasted a whole decade.
The Yamauchi were awarded a fief in Tosa province in the late Sengoku period, where they had to quell a rebellion of former Chosokabe retainers.
The Yonekura were retainers of the Takeda clan. The line died out when Yonekura Shigetsugu was killed at the battle of Nagashino.
The Yuki were initially retainers of the Hojo clan. They fought in Hitachi and Shimousa province, but ultimately came to serve the Tokugawa and were rewarded for their service to the Tokugawa with a fief in Shimousa province.